Saigon was the epicenter of all planning & operations. 36,240, This story has been shared 33,268 times. Yet American leaders took a different path. My name is Trang, I’m the only child of a middle-class Vietnamese family. A South Vietnamese tank loaded with troops rumbles past a destroyed hamlet on Highway 22 following record fighting in the area about 60 miles northwest of Saigon. Clarke says he hopes van Es’ famous photo will be viewed in a new light. Chaos ensued as the … / CBS NEWS. The people in the photo were on a rooftop of an apartment building housing CIA officials and their families. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. The Vietnamese communist party was later established in 1962 as a component of the NLF. Your Ad Choices The Hueys were operated by Air America, a line covertly run by the CIA. National Archives - Fall of Saigon - National Security Council. Martin Johanssen was also present during the Vietnam war, which he goes into detail in " Veterans Day ". (09/18/1947 - 12/04/1981). South Vietnamese civilians try to scale the 14-foot wall of the U.S. embassy in Saigon, trying to reach evacuation helicopters as the last Americans departed from Vietnam, April 29, 1975. [Watch the video above to hear the story of that day]. The US finally initiated an operation known as Frequent Wind, which would helicopter evacuees out of Saigon to US ships offshore for eventual transport to America. North Vietnamese soldiers sit on top of a tank posted in front of the presidential palace of the U.S.-backed regime as hundreds of Saigon residents gather around after the city falls to communist troops on the same day, April 30, 1975. A soldier perched on a tank of the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) in Saigon, as the city falls into the hands of communist troops, April 30, 1975. Fall of Saigon Background . You’ll never hear it go off.” The soldier backed off. 1 Personality 2 Appearance 3 Biography 4 Last name 5 Gallery 6 Appears in 7 External links Mr. Hyunh is of Vietnamese ethnicity, with black hair slicked to the sideand light blue square glasses. In the end, the airlift extracted some 1,373 Americans and 5,595 Vietnamese from Saigon in less than 24 hours. Some parents handed him their children with heartbreaking notes pinned to the kids’ clothes, such as, “My son wants to be a doctor” and “My daughter is very musical.”, When a burly Korean diplomat tried to elbow other evacuees aside to make it onto the chopper, Harnage punched the man, leaving him bloody and chastened. Chaos erupted as residents scrambled to flee. Manning one of the copters was O.B. Mr. Hyunh (pronounced like the surname "Wynn") is a character on Hey Arnold!, a resident of the Sunset Arms boarding house.An immigrant from Vietnam, he is one of the few Asian characters on the show.Voiced by Baoan Coleman, Mr. Hyunh eventually obtains a position as manager of a Mexican restaurant, and has a hidden talent as a country singer who when he performs sounds a lot like Randy … The Viet Cong created the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (PRG) in 1969. We've received your submission. Helicopter pilot O.B. Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Though they achieved success against the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), American planners believed that South Vietnam would be able to survive at least until 1976. South Vietnamese Marines leap in panic aboard a cutter from an LST in Danang Harbor in Da Nang, Vietnam, April 1, 1975 as they are evacuated from the city, shortly before its fall to the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese. The fall of Saigon. A National Liberation Front Army soldier (NLF) (L) patrols the streets of Saigon, after the fall of the city, 17 May 1975. I was born and raised in Saigon. Thanks for contacting us. Wooden stairs had been built to the top of the roof’s elevator shaft to aid the evacuation. The 31 pilots flying the hazardous missions were volunteers. The Fall of Saigon marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period leading to the formal reunification of Vietnam into a communist state. And, perhaps most surprising of all, the photo is not about defeat. A communist soldier at the Independence Palace in Saigon, April 30, 1975. Officials said government reinforcements were rushed to Hieu Thien in an effort to retake outposts and villages that fell to the North Vietnamese, March 17, 1975. 38,755, This story has been shared 36,240 times. A list of potential Vietnamese evacuees was compiled. People try to scale the 14-foot wall of the U.S. Embassy in Saigon, trying to reach evacuation helicopters, as the last of the Americans depart from Vietnam, April 29, 1975. from Pat Clark PRO . Neal Ulevich/AP Photo. “It was a damning photo that fit into the narrative of the time. Mobs of Vietnamese people scale the wall of the U.S. Embassy in Saigon, Vietnam, trying to get to the helicopter pickup zone, just before the end of the Vietnam War, April 29, 1975. Privacy Notice First published on April 30, 2015 / 10:44 AM. Harnage returned to America and became a real estate salesman. [4] It’s a nearly minute-by-minute account of the United States’ pullout from the quagmire conflict, and much of the story is encapsulated in that single photo, taken on April 29, 1975. Mr. Hyunhis a fictional character in the Hey Arnold! MIKE CERRE: Photojournalist Nik Wheeler, on assignment for Newsweek and UPI covered the fall of Bien Hoa, the last major military base just outside of Saigon, and the initial shelling of the city. The Fall of Saigon, also known as the Liberation of Saigon, was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong on 30 April 1975. It included high-ranking officials, translators and others at high risk. Residents look at U.S. army guns collected in a Saigon street, after the fall of the city, May 27, 1975. There’s a chopper on that roof!”. The Fall of Saigon - through my eyes. A U.S. civilian pilot in the aircraft doorway tries to maintain order as panicking South Vietnamese civilians scramble to get aboard during evacuation of Nha Trang, April 1, 1975. 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In this photo, a Roman Catholic priest helps an elderly villager brave the windy rotor blast from a government helicopter as they run to board it from west of Tuy Hoa in Vietnam, March 27, 1975. After an introduction by the White House press secretary, Secretary of State Kissinger announced the end of the Vietnam War and described the loss and evacuation of Saigon. Vietnamese military and civilians await their C-41 journey during a stopover, in Utapo RTNAF, Thailand, April 29,1975. That NLF, formally known as the National Front for the Liberation of the South, was created by North Vietnam December 20, 1960 to effect the overthrow of the South Vietnamese government and reunification of North and South Vietnam. Brian Barron reports on the fall of Saigon. Harnage’s helicopter landed at the Lee Hotel, and the aircraft was quickly mobbed by desperate Vietnamese. “At the time, this photo seemed to be a metaphor for Vietnam — our first lost war and us scrambling away from the roof of the embassy,” the author says. After the Lee Hotel became unsafe, the CIA station chief urged Harnage to start picking up at 22 Gia Long Street. Saigon, capital city of South Vietnam, fell to North Vietnamese forces on April 30th 1975. “Some rolled on the sidewalk in hysterics, crying out the names of the American servicemen, businessmen and diplomats whom they had served as clerks, drivers, cooks, cleaners, bodyguards and interpreters. The Last to Leave: The Fall of Saigon. 45,243, This story has been shared 38,755 times. After the introduction of Vietnamisation by President Richard Nixon, US forces in South Vietnam had been constantly reduced leaving the military of South Vietnam to defend their country against the North. Van Es grew up in the Netherlands and decided to become a war photographer after seeing Frank Capra pictures. Except that isn’t a military helicopter, that’s not the US Embassy, those aren’t Americans and that wasn’t the last flight out. “It was anti-heroic, but when you look at what’s actually going on on that rooftop, this was a moment of considerable heroism.”. Mothers tried to pass their babies to Marines.”. ‘As I was researching it, I found that almost everything I had assumed about that photo was wrong.’. The Fall of Saigon,[1][2] also known as the Liberation of Saigon,[3] was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the People's Army of Vietnam and the Viet Cong on 30 April 1975. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Harnage shoved the barrel of a machine gun in the man’s face and responded, “Go ahead. It marked the very last events of the Vietnamese War which had been dragging on for close to twenty years. 47,551, This story has been shared 45,243 times. Mr. Hyunh's voice actor, Baoan Coleman, was at the real Fall of Saigon in Vietnam. The surprising tale of that photo, along with a complete story of the last days of the Vietnam War, is told in Clarke’s new book, “Honorable Exit: How a Few Brave Americans Risked All to Save Our Vietnamese Allies at the End of the War” (Doubleday). The Fall of Saigon was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the U.S Troops on April 30, 1975. The black and white photo of this event by Dutch photojournalist Hugh Van Es became an iconic image of the war, symbolizing a desperate U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam. U.S. President Gerald Ford, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and Vice President Nelson Rockefeller discuss the evacuation of Saigon at the White House in Washington, D.C., April 28, 1975. In Spring 1975, South Vietnam was about to be overrun by communist forces ending the Vietnam War - the greatest struggle of the Cold War era and the only major military defeat in United States history. April 29, 1975: As the North Vietnamese Army surrounded Saigon, the order was given to evacuate. As the Northern forces started bombarding the city's international airport on April 28th, U.S. Pre… The communists continued to push south, capturing territory and sending thousands of refugees fleeing for safety. A soldier of the National Liberation Forces (NLF) of North Vietnam surveys the National Assembly building in Saigon, after the fall of the city, April 30, 1975. Walking in the botanical gardens again, just before the fall of Saigon, Peter Kann of the Wall Street Journal and I were accosted by a boy of about 13, who drew from a bag a wondrous thing. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger argued at an April 2 State Department staff meeting that it was America’s duty “to get the people who believed in us out.”. The panelists discussed the fall of the South Vietnamese city of Saigon, the final event of the Vietnam War, which occurred 20 years ago. On April 29, copters fanned out across the city, picking up the hopeful. The event marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period to the formal reunification of Vietnam into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. In early April, the Americans had scouted rooftops as potential helicopter landing sites, choosing 13 across Saigon. 33,268, © 2021 NYP Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved This episode originally had a dream sequence of Arnold flying from his bed in … Nearly everyone who was asked stepped forward. After Da Nang fell, World Airlines, a government contractor tasked with flying troops and equipment in and out of the country, attempted that March to evacuate people from the city, leading to a chaotic scene as panicked Vietnamese tried to push their way on. 10 years ago. Even though they got lots of success against the Republic of Vietnam Army, American planners thought that South Vietnam would be capable of surviving until at least 1976. Terms of Use (He was allowed on a later flight.). VIPs and other Vietnamese had been gathering at the location in hopes of a rescue. The Viet Cong, the military arm, was part of the NLF. April 23, 2019 | 10:37pm | Updated April 24, 2019 | 9:31am. He wears a light teal collared shirt, brown pantsand white shoes. April 30, 2015 marks the 40th anniversary of the fall of Saigon to North Vietnamese forces and the subsequent toppling of the U.S.-supported southern regime. Yes!" The fall of Saigon, April 30, 1975, marked the end of the Vietnam War and the capture of Saigon by North Vietnamese forces. It has been referred to as the "Pacific D-Day" with the invasion fleet departing Pearl Harbor on 5 June 1944, the day before Operation Overlord in Europe was launched, and launching nine days after. Lessons of the Fall of Saigon. Hubert van Es’ snapshot shows a military helicopter perched atop the US Embassy in Saigon as Americans stream up a stairway, desperately boarding the last flight out. Tanks of the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) forces take over the South Vietnamese presidential palace April 30, 1975, South Vietnamese government's last stronghold. Thousands of civilians and South Vietnamese soldiers fought for space on the aircraft to Saigon as communist forces advanced following the fall of Qui Nhon, to the north. Central Intelligence Agency. Jubilant communist troops on top of trucks and APCs making their way to the center of Saigon as the city fell under their control, April 30, 1975. The shot that went around the world showed Harnage, dressed in a white shirt and clutching a cigar between his teeth, reaching down the stairs to grab Thiet-Tan Nguyen, a young doctor who would ultimately become an anesthesiologist in California. The location of this evacuation has often been identified as the rooftop of the U.S. embassy, but in fact it wasn't. A North Vietnamese communist tank driving through the main gate of the presidential palace of the U.S.-backed South Vietnam regime as the city falls into the hands of communist troops April 30, 1975. Cutters in turn hauled them south to Cam Ranh Bay. The war in Vietnam ended April 30, 1975 as the government in Saigon announced its unconditional surrender to the Vietcong. “Women outside the walls wailed and wept,” the author writes. Chaos ensued as the North Vietnamese advanced southward leading to that momentous event 4o years ago. He also has a pencil-thin mustache. Duong Van Minh (C, looking down), the last president of U.S.-back Saigon regime, and his entourage leave the presidential palace in Saigon April 30, 1975 after announcing on radio his cabinet's surrender following his capture by North Vietnamese communist troops. To make room for them all, he rode outside the bird, standing on the skid while gripping a machine gun. The war ended on April 30, 1975, with the fall of Saigon, now known as Ho Chi Minh City, to communist troops from the north. La Cruz-aracha! The event marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period to the formal reunification of Vietnam into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.. The photo marked the last trip Harnage was able to make to the location, leaving dozens of people behind, watching the skies for a helicopter that would never appear. He first worked in Hong Kong for the South China Morning Post before heading to Vietnam to work for NBC, then UPI. “As I was researching it, I found that almost everything I had assumed about that photo was wrong,” historian and author Thurston Clarke tells The Post. They tried to push their way into the US Embassy in hopes of escaping. The Fall of Saigon took place in December, 1974. Van Es was paid a one-time bonus of $150 for the photo. There, the ambassador had assembled a group of VIPs for evacuation. A South Vietnamese mother and her three children crouch on the deck of an amphibious command ship being plucked out of Saigon by U.S. Marine helicopters in Vietnam, April 29, 1975. "Hello! The South Vietnamese stronghold of Saigon (now known as Ho Chi Minh City) falls to People's Army of Vietnam and the Viet Cong on April 30, 1975. This story has been shared 47,551 times. It’s one of the iconic images of the Vietnam War. The area was becoming politically and militarily unstable as communist forces advanced, just days before the fall of Saigon. When President Gerald Ford saw footage of the fiasco, he remarked to a friend, “That’s it. They were among thousands of refugees from the Central Highlands who were picked up along the central coast. Your California Privacy Rights A South Vietnamese father carries his son and a bag of household possessions as he leaves his village near Trang Bom on Route 1 northwest of Saigon, April 23, 1975. Two Vietnamese women mourn their relatives April 29, 1975 at Bien Hoa military cemetery as the U.S. started to evacuate their embassy in Saigon, ending the U.S.'s 15-year involvement in Vietnam. But Viksten and Bartlett pushed for the episode, Barlett said, noting that Baoan Coleman, the Vietnamese-American voice actor who voiced Mr. Hyunh, experienced the Fall of Saigon first hand. Mariachi band shows up at Ted's home amid Cancun trip uproar, Nelly finds buyer for abandoned house days after listing it, El Chapo's beauty-queen wife arrested on drug trafficking charges, New couple alert: Lucy Hale seen kissing Skeet Ulrich, Trump to claim control of GOP in speech next week. The fall of Saigon, April 30, 1975, marked the end of the Vietnam War and the capture of Saigon by North Vietnamese forces. Sitemap On the fourth touchdown at Gia Long Street, van Es was sitting in the offices of United Press International about four blocks away when a colleague called out, “Van Es, get out here! The air evacuation of siege-stricken Vietnamese from Saigon to the U.S. was conducted after the Babylift operation. Harnage, a macho, cigar-smoking, hard-drinking CIA officer who wore an eye patch after he was wounded by shrapnel in World War II. In early March of that year, North Vietnamese forces attacked the highlands just north of the city of Saigon. By 1974, the North Vietnamese troops had violated the Paris Peace Accords and had renewed their attack on the south. TV Series. The apartment building’s top floor served as quarters for CIA employees. He grabbed his Nikon and a 300mm lens and began snapping. The title of the first song is "Sorrow About to Fall" by Electric Light Orchestra. Nowhere to go and nothing to do, South Vietnamese refugees from Hue and the northern provinces pause on the dock waiting for the government to relocate them to the central coastal area at Da Nang in Vietnam, March 28, 1975. They quickly began planning to evacuate as many Vietnamese as possible and resettle them in the US. Vietnam is gone.”, “The news reports, photographs, and films of Da Nang … received wide coverage in the United States,” Clarke writes. US contractors arrived to remove flagpoles and laundry lines, and built whatever infrastructure was needed. “They were perfect strangers and he was risking his life.”, The station chief had ordered him to concentrate on the VIPs, but Harnage decided to board on a first-come, first-serve basis. Flights continued elsewhere through the night. Saigon falls to the North Vietnamese in 1975. “Remember, he wasn’t taking people he worked with or he knew,” the author says. Harnage refused to let anyone board with more than one small bag, tossing everything else over the side of the building — including what was likely millions of dollars of hoarded gold. The Fall of Saigon was the successful capture of Saigon, the capitol of South Vietnam on April 30, 1975. Kissinger wired the US Vietnamese ambassador, Graham Martin, that failure to address the “difficult question of evacuation” could result in the loss of American “lives, national dignity, and a common sense of confidence that we can manage whatever crisis the future may hold.”. In this video still, a group of people scale a stairway to a CIA helicopter on a rooftop in Saigon, April 29, 1075. The Fall of Saigon was a series of events that took place across the last few days of April of 1975 as Saigon (the capital city of South Vietnam) was captured by North Vietnamese communist forces. Also on the ladder is South Vietnamese Minister of Defense Tran Van Don. Vietnamese civilians wait in front of the U.S. embassy in Saigon for visas to live in the United States two days before the fall of the city to North Vietnam communist forces, April 28, 1975. - This film is taken from a National Broadcasting Company (NBC) news report on the communist takeover of Saigon, and contains both edited and raw footage. Harnage made three pickups, packing 20 people onto each flight. Americans and Vietnamese run for a U.S. Marine helicopter in Saigon during the evacuation of the city, April 29, 1975. By April 27, 1975, North Vietnamese troops had surrounded Saigon and it became clear an attack was imminent. Former Air America pilot Tony Coalson and Retired Marine Col. Gerry Berry reflect on the last days of the Vietnam War, and the role they played in … After several months in a refugee camp in Arkansas, Ha-Le and her family arrived in Kansas City thanks to … Next is Tong Huyhn, another doctor who would eventually settle near Atlanta. By early 1975, America’s prospects in Vietnam were looking bleak. CieCie Tuyet Nguyen was born in Saigon and witnessed its fall in 1975 when she was 13-years-old. “Instead of unleashing Americans’ charitable impulses, the news convinced them that the United States should avoid becoming reinvolved in the war, even on a humanitarian basis, and opinion polls showed a majority of Americans opposed to accepting Vietnamese refugees.”. A line of captured U.S.-backed South Vietnamese Army soldiers are escorted by Vietnamese communist soldiers as they walk on a Saigon street after the city fell into the hands of the communist troops on the same day, April 30, 1975. Harnage reaches out to help Vietnamese evacuees escape Saigon on April 29, 1975. Besides the embassy, one of the pickup points was the Lee Hotel at 6 Chien Si Circle. The Battle of Saipan was a battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II, fought on the island of Saipan in the Mariana Islands from 15 June to 9 July 1944 as part of Operation Forager. The slender teenage girl is Tuyet-Dong Bui, who would go on to earn a degree in microbiology before becoming a biotech researcher. Do Not Sell My Personal Information, Your California Privacy Rights PRG forces seize control of the presidential palace in Saigon, after the fall of the city, May 3, 1975. By April 27, 1975, North Vietnamese troops had surrounded Saigon and it became clear an attack was imminent. In January 1968, the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong launched the countrywide Tet Offensive that devastated parts of my country but mostly devastated Viet Cong as a fighting force. Just below her is her brother, who had traded his motorbike to the driver of a high-ranking military official in exchange for being shown to the building. The plane, under heavy fire, managed to get airborne, but stowaways and those clinging to the side plummeted to their deaths, leaving corpses littering the runway. Chaos erupted as residents scrambled to … The event marked the end of the Vietnam War leading evading to the formal reunification of Vietnam into a Socialist Republic governed by the Communist Party. April 30, 2015 / 10:44 AM The soldiers of the North Vietnamese army began a series of attacks and offensives against the South Vietnamese army. He continued covering conflicts, and died in 2009. More than two bitter decades of war in Vietnam ended with the last days of April 1975. The fall of Saigon effectively marked the end of the Vietnam War. U.S. Navy personnel aboard the USS Blue Ridge push a helicopter into the sea off the coast of Vietnam in order to make room for more evacuation flights from Saigon, April 29, 1975. Copyright © 2021 CBS Interactive Inc. All rights reserved. That job would ultimately help Ha-Le and eight members of her family escape Saigon on April 29, 1975. One South Vietnamese soldier pushed toward Harnage and pulled the pin from a grenade, telling him, “We go with you or I drop the grenade.”. The fall of Saigon, April 30, 1975, marked the end of the Vietnam War and the capture of Saigon by North Vietnamese forces. They also answered questions from the audience. Francoise De Mulder—Roger Viollet/Getty Images. On 1 st January 1975 the People’s Army of Vietnam had advanced to within 75 miles of the capital. In the days before the fall of Saigon, all American military and civilians were evacuated along with thousands of South Vietnamese in Operation Frequent Wind, the largest helicopter evacuation in history. The title says it all. He died in 2008. It’s time to pull the plug. In December 1974, the People's Army of North Vietnam (PAVN) began a series of offensives against South Vietnam. The Fall of Saigon was the capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the North Vietnamese army on April 30, 1975.It is called Sự kiện 30 tháng 4 (April 30 Incident) or Giải phóng miền Nam (The liberation of the south) by the current Vietnamese government and Ngày mất nước (The day of losing the nation) by the overseas Vietnamese community. Saigon's fall and the taking of the presidential palace, on April 30, 1975. Forty years after the fall of Saigon (present-day Ho Chi Minh City), Peter Arnett has written a new memoir, “Saigon Has Fallen.” Arnett won a Pulitzer Prize in 1966 for his coverage of the Vietnam War for The Associated Press and later gained fame as a correspondent for CNN. U.S. President Gerald Ford (C) and U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger(L) are briefed by National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft (R) on the evacuation of Saigon, April 28, 1975 at the White House in Washington, DC. An injured South Vietnamese war veteran limps away on a crutch with food looted from abandoned U.S. installations after evacuation of Saigon, April 29, 1975. She resettled in Sydney, … After continuing to live there for three years under the communist regime, she escaped with her family by boat to Malaysia in 1978. The war ended April 30, 1975, with the fall of Saigon, now known as Ho Chi Minh City, to communist troops from the north. In 19 hours, 81 helicopters air lifted nearly 6,000 Vietnamese and more than 1,000 Americans from Saigon during the largest helicopter evacuation in history. The Fall of Saigon: The History of the Battle for South Vietnam's Capital and the End of the Vietnam War: Charles River Editors: Amazon.sg: Books Fictional character in the photo the communist regime, she escaped with her family boat. Which had been dragging on for close to twenty years 31 pilots flying the missions. 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