We have reviews of the best places to see in London. [18] Foreigners are estimated to have made up 4,000 of the 100,000 residents of London by 1600, many being Dutch and German workers and traders.[19]. More than one in 10 people living in Inner London (11.4%) are aged between 30 and 34. The unsanitary and overcrowded City of London has suffered from the numerous outbreaks of the plague many times over the centuries, but in Britain it is the last major outbreak which is remembered as the "Great Plague" It occurred in 1665 and 1666 and killed around 60,000 people, which was one fifth of the population. Civilians took shelter from the air raids in underground stations. To here. This was soon followed by the opening of great rail termini which eventually linked London to every corner of Great Britain, including Euston station (1837), Paddington station (1838), Fenchurch Street station (1841), Waterloo station (1848), King's Cross station (1850), and St Pancras station (1863). They began again, but on a smaller scale with the "Little Blitz" in early 1944. Tel: +44 20 7739 0292. Edward's death at Westminster in 1066 without a clear heir led to a succession dispute and the Norman conquest of England. [21], Charles I acceded to the throne in 1625. "The Underground City: Beneath the streets of London's capital city is a world of tunnels, rivers and hidden history". During this period was also the uprising of the American colonies. London was sacked in 842 and again in 851. Severe damage was caused to Catholic churches and homes, and 285 rioters were killed. By the 5th century, the Roman Empire was in rapid decline and in AD 410, the Roman occupation of Britannia came to an end. "'A Network of Trust': Measuring and Monitoring Air Pollution in British Cities, 1912–1960.". Medieval London was made up of narrow and twisting streets, and most of the buildings were made from combustible materials such as timber and straw, which made fire a constant threat, while sanitation in cities was of low-quality. London's population continued to grow rapidly in the early decades of the century, and public transport was greatly expanded. Think there's a gap in the market. This left London as the only large metropolis in the world without a central administration. The 18th century saw the breakaway of the American colonies and many other unfortunate events in London, but also great change and Enlightenment. The London Bus Export Company. In the year 1787, freed slaves from London, America, and many of Britain's colonies founded Freetown in modern-day Sierra Leone. Fleet Street became the centre of the embryonic national press during the century. The Old Vic Theatre Trust 2000 is a registered charity no. The Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force. of people in Inner London are aged over 65, lower than the proportion in Outer London (13.9%) and the rest of England (19.5%). The Thames Barrier was completed in the 1980s to protect London against tidal surges from the North Sea. The Charterhouse went to Lord North, Blackfriars to Lord Cobham, the leper hospital of St Giles to Lord Dudley, while the king took for himself the leper hospital of St James, which was rebuilt as St James's Palace.[17]. From the beginning of "The Troubles" in Northern Ireland in the early 1970s until the mid-1990s, London was subjected to repeated terrorist attacks by the Provisional IRA. Unofficial. Large file: 1.5MB. The last figure emphasises London's role as an entrepot: while it had many craftsmen in the 17th century, and would later acquire some large factories, its economic prominence was never based primarily on industry. Old London - Horse Bus at The Elephant & Castle c1885. Held at The Crystal Palace, the fair attracted 6 million visitors from across the world and displayed Britain at the height of its Imperial dominance. This free content was digitised by double rekeying. London's suburbs expanded outside the boundaries of the County of London, into the neighbouring counties of Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent, Middlesex and Surrey. In 1798, Frankfurt banker Nathan Mayer Rothschild arrived in London and set up a banking house in the city, with a large sum of money given to him by his father, Amschel Mayer Rothschild. It would have only been a modest church at first and may well have been destroyed after he was expelled from the city by Saeberht's pagan successors. One of its first tasks was addressing London's sanitation problems. URL: CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (. This bridge would last for 600 years, and remained the only bridge across the River Thames until 1739. A large tram network was constructed by the London County Council, through the LCC Tramways; the first motorbus service began in the 1900s. image captionA boy was found dead at a home in Cumberland Park, Acton, on Sunday A woman has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a 10-year- For live arrivals, status information, route maps and timetables. The map consisted of nine sheets on a scale of 9⅜" to 1 Statute mile.This map predates Edward Stanford's Library Map of London (Hyde No. Then in 1232, Henry III confiscated the principal synagogue of the London Jewish community because he claimed their chanting was audible in a neighboring church. In 1993, the remains of a Bronze Age bridge were found on the Thames's south foreshore, upstream of Vauxhall Bridge. Old Street : 3 mins walk Liverpool Street : 8 mins walk. During World War I, London experienced its first bombing raids carried out by German zeppelin airships; these killed around 700 people and caused great terror, but were merely a foretaste of what was to come. Monday 12:00 AM - 8:00 PM; Tuesday 12:00 AM - 8:00 PM; Wednesday 12:00 AM - 8:00 PM; Thursday 12:00 AM - 8:00 PM; Friday 12:00 AM - 8:00 PM; Saturday 11:00 AM - 8:00 PM; … Recent excavations have also highlighted the population density and relatively sophisticated urban organisation of this earlier Anglo-Saxon London, which was laid out on a grid pattern and grew to house a likely population of 10–12,000. The new Norman regime established new fortresses within the city to dominate the native population. Some houses were at once blown up by gunpowder, and thus the fire was finally mastered. London's rebuilding was slow to begin. To start, here are some views from above the streets of London. Having occupied London, William was crowned king in Westminster Abbey. 1072590. From this point, the City of London began to develop its own unique local government. They established a silk industry at Spitalfields. A phenomenon of the era was the coffeehouse, which became a popular place to debate ideas. During the Peasants' Revolt of 1381, London was invaded by rebels led by Wat Tyler. If you’re interested in the local history of a particular part of London, you’ll find plenty of old newspapers from the many distinct neighbourhoods like Croydon, Islington or or Woolwich. "'All Good Rule of the Citee': Sanitation and Civic Government in England, 1400–1600. Like the rest of the country, London suffered severe unemployment during the Great Depression of the 1930s. London seems to have come under direct Mercian control in the 730s. Luxury shaving products and grooming accessories epitomising classic British style and understated elegance, reliability and quality, since 1854. The city remained in Danish hands until 886, when it was captured by the forces of King Alfred the Great of Wessex and reincorporated into Mercia, then governed under Alfred's sovereignty by his son-in-law Ealdorman Æthelred. However, funding for projects such as Crossrail remained a struggle. At some time between AD 180 and AD 225, the Romans built the defensive London Wall around the landward side of the city. Around the start of the 21st century, London hosted the much derided Millennium Dome at Greenwich, to mark the new century. 950s London was the heyday of the baby boomers. By Walter Thornbury. Improvements to London's overground and underground rail network, including large scale electrification were progressively carried out. A second fortified Borough was established on the south bank at Southwark, the Suthringa Geworc (defensive work of the men of Surrey). 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