First, he was officially laying down his arms to the Han Emperor not Cao Cao. Sun Quan fait capturer Guan Yu et l’exécute avec son fils, Guan Ping, par Lu Meng, à Lingju. Bien que son rôle dans les trois royaumes soit important mais tout de même mineur par rapport à d'autres personnages tels que Zhuge Liang ou son frère Liu Bei, il ne fait aucun doute que parmi tous les personnages des trois royaumes, Guan Yu est celui qui a le plus marqué spirituellement et culturellement la culture chinoise. Liu Bei veut alors traverser le Jiang pour aller à Fan, et confie à Guan Yu une flotte d’une centaine de navires pour le rejoindre à Jiangling. Most of Liu Bei's subordinates participated in the campaign, while Guan Yu remained behind to guard and oversee Liu Bei's territories in Jing Province. In A.D. 200, Guan was captured by Cao Cao, a military general who would go on to control a vast amount of territory in northern China. Il est toujours vénéré de nos jours en Chine, aussi bien par les taoïstes que par les bouddhistes. Sangharama in Sanskrit means 'community garden' (sangha, community + arama, garden) and thus 'monastery'. Cao Cao capture Guan Yu et décide de le garder à son service. He meets and joins Liu Bei during the Yellow Turban Rebellion and follows his lord in the Allied Forces. Il a été divinisé quelques siècles après sa mort sous le nom de Guanshengdijun (關聖帝君) ou Guandi, « Saint empereur Guan ». Zhang Fei et Guan Yu se tiennent néanmoins toujours prêt à servir Liu Bei lors des longues réunions en se tenant debout à ses côtés du lever au coucher du soleil. Guan Yu ([kwán ỳ] (listen); died January or February 220),[a] courtesy name Yunchang, was a military general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Il devient ainsi un héros qui extermine les tyrans, quitte à se mettre sur le dos les autorités. These shortcomings resulted in their downfalls. Il le nomme pian jiangjun (偏将军 - sorte de lieutenant-général) et le traite généreusement. In the ancient times of the East, a great war between Three Kingdoms raged. Guan Yu is referenced in the Portal Three Kingdoms of the card game Magic: The Gathering on a playable card. "[Sanguozhi 25], The Australian sinologist Rafe de Crespigny commented: "There are anecdotes describing Zhang Fei as a man of literary tastes who composed verse in the midst of battle, but he is more generally known as arrogant, impetuous and brutal. Now, he embodies the virtues he lived by. He also wears a long three-section black beard made of yak hair and carries the Green Dragon Crescent Blade. ». Cao Cao heeded their suggestion. Ils envoient donc un émissaire auprès de Sun Quan pour lui conseiller d’attaquer les arrières de Guan Yu, laissant ainsi Jiangnan à Sun Quan en tant que tribut de guerre et dissolvant ainsi les forces de Fan. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 16 septembre 2020 à 21:12. Playing next. [Sanguozhi zhu 1] He fled from his hometown for unknown reasons[h] and went to Zhuo Commandery. During the last decade of the 16th century, Guan Yu was also credited with the repulse of Japanese invasion of Korea by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. He moved to Xiaopei and left Guan Yu in charge of the provincial capital Xiapi. Il est le père de Guan Ping, Guan Xing, Guan Suo et Guan Yinping. On le représente traditionnellement comme un géant à face rouge (symbolisant la loyauté et la droiture) avec une très longue barbe et portant un guandao (une arme d’hast à hampe moyenne de l’époque des Song) qui pesait, selon la légende, plus de 80 jins (environ 40 kg). Malgré ses conseillers, qui le pressent de lui donner la chasse, Cao Cao s’y refuse : « À chaque vassal son Seigneur. Il servit sous les ordres de Liu Bei, le fondateur du royaume de Shu, dont il est le frère d'arme avec Zhang Fei, et aurait été un des cinq « généraux tigres », avec Huang Zhong, Ma Chao, Zhang Fei et Zhao Yun, bien qu’on ignore s’il a effectivement porté ce titre. The Shu Ji recorded an incident as follows: When Liu Bei was in the imperial capital Xu, he once attended a hunting expedition together with Cao Cao, during which Guan Yu urged him to kill Cao Cao but he refused. However, Guan Yu not only rejected the proposal, but also scolded and humiliated the messenger. ». Guan Yu, se souvenant de la générosité de Cao Cao à son égard, décide de le laisser fuir sans combattre, soulignant encore davantage sa noblesse. Still, Guan regarded Liu Bei and Zhang Fei as brothers and he would not abandon them. The emperor was told that the disruption was the work of Chi You, a deity of war. Selon les Annales du Shu[2] et les Printemps et Automnes du clan Wei[3], lorsqu’en 198, Cao Cao et Liu Bei assiègent Lü Bu à Xiapi, Guan Yu demande à Cao Cao la femme de Qin Yilu, Dame Du, en mariage et Cao Cao condescend. He also wields his signature Guandao weapon. The bearer of the title is entitled to an honorary position in the Hanlin Academy. The Manchu imperial clan of the Qing dynasty was also associated with Guan Yu's martial qualities. Initialement, Sun Quan dépêche un émissaire auprès de Guan Yu pour arranger un mariage entre son fils, Sun Deng, et la fille de Guan Yu, Guan Yinping. In 1614, the Wanli Emperor bestowed on Guan Yu the title "Holy Emperor Guan, the Great God Who Subdues Demons in the Three Worlds and Whose Awe Spreads Far and Moves Heaven" (三界伏魔大神威遠震天尊關聖帝君). Following Dong Zhuo's downfall, Guan Yu is eventually separated from his brothers and is often captured by Cao Cao. The shallows were thus named 'Guan Yu's Shallows' (關羽瀨). Zhang Liao replied, "Guan Yu has received favours from Your Excellency. They often chatted about other things apart from military affairs. » C’est souvent fidèle à cette description que sont faites les représentations de Guan Yu. Guan Yu had all along treated them with contempt. Pei Songzhi commented on the Dianlue account as follows: Although Liu Bei and Sun Quan appeared to get along harmoniously, they were actually distrustful of each other. A man who also excels in literary studies, he gains many admirers from each kingdom with his might and has earned the nickname "God of War/Army God". Guan Yu had two known sons – Guan Ping and Guan Xing. Son âme ira néanmoins se venger de Lü Meng, le stratège qui avait causé sa perte. Other non-Koei titles in which he also appears include: Total War: Three Kingdoms;[15] Puzzle & Dragons;[16] Sango Fighter; Destiny of an Emperor; Atlantica Online; and Smite. The Mendocino Joss House, a historical landmark also known as Mo Dai Miu (Wudimiao, i.e. About a year later, Liu Bei and his followers escaped from Xu under the pretext of helping Cao Cao lead an army to attack Yuan Shu. He is a deity worshipped in Chinese folk religion, popular Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese Buddhism, and small shrines to him are almost ubiquitous in traditional Chinese shops and restaurants. Though by no means mandatory, Chinese police officers worship and pay respect to him. Note that you can easily see statues of him in practically any Chinese shop to this day. By the time Guan Yu retreated from Fancheng, Sun Quan's forces had occupied Jiangling (江陵) and captured the families of Guan's soldiers. Guandi with (left) his son Guan Ping and (right) his squire Zhou Cang, painting on paper; in the Religionskundliche Sammlung der Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Ger. The tradition of Guandi spirit writing continued in Chinese folk Religion well into the 20th century.[13]. He told his son Guan Ping, "I am growing weaker this year. Guan Yu's life was lionised and his achievements glorified to such an extent after his death that he was deified during the Sui dynasty. Supposedly, Guan Yu's weapon was a guan dao named Green Dragon Crescent Blade, which resembled a podao, glaive, or naginata and was said to weigh 82 catties (about 49.2 kg or 108.4674 lbs). Every year, on the 24th day of the sixth month on the lunar calendar (Guan Yu's birthday in legend), a street parade in Guan Yu's honour would also be held. À la mort de Yuan Shao (202), Liu Bei se réfugie auprès de Liu Biao et ce dernier meurt en 208 tandis que Cao Cao pacifie la région de Jingzhou. Mais dans le roman, il ne se soumet qu’à trois conditions, soulignant sa loyauté envers Liu Bei : Guan Yu reçoit de Cao Cao Lièvre Rouge, le cheval de Lü Bu, capable de parcourir 1 000 li (lieues) en un seul jour. De plus, Mi Fang, le gouverneur de Nanjun et le général Fu Shiren ont également l’impression que Guan Yu ne les estime guère. Pei Songzhi disputed this account as follows: According to (Wei Zhao's) Book of Wu, when Sun Quan sent Pan Zhang to block Guan Yu's retreat route, Guan Yu was executed after he was captured. There was nothing to regret. Traditionally, after the show ends, the actor has to wash his face, burn joss paper, light incense, and pray to Chinese deities. In the midst of battle, Guan Yu recognised Yan Liang's parasol so he charged towards Yan Liang, decapitated him and returned with his head. Puis Lü Meng s’évanouit et meurt. In Chapter 5, Guan Yu made his name by slaying the seemingly "undefeatable" warrior Hua Xiong in the campaign against Dong Zhuo. Legend has it that during the second decade of the 12th century, the saltwater lake in Xiezhou gradually ceased to yield salt. When Guan Yu received news that Ma Chao (whom he was unfamiliar with) had recently joined them, he wrote to Zhuge Liang in Yi Province and asked him who was comparable to Ma Chao. He scolded the messenger, "You raccoon dogs dare to behave like this! Plus tard, Liu Bei lance une attaque surprise contre Che Zhou, l’inspecteur de la province de Xu, et ordonne à Guan Yu de s’établir en garnison à Xiapi et d’y prendre la charge de grand administrateur. During the Battle of Yiling, Guan Yu's son Guan Xing kills Pan Zhang when the latter is stunned by a vision of Guan Yu's spirit. Guan Yu reunited with Liu Bei around this time. Liu Bei evacuated Xinye together with his followers and they headed towards Xiakou, which was guarded by Liu Biao's elder son Liu Qi and independent of Cao Cao's control. Liu Bei and his remaining followers managed to escape from Cao Cao's forces and reach Han Ford (漢津), where Guan Yu's group picked them up and they sailed to Xiakou together. For his playable appearance in Dynasty War… Traditionally, Guan Yu is portrayed as a red-faced warrior with a long, lush beard. 上官亮 張冰玉 Shang Guan Liang Zhang Bing Yu - 同心的人 Tong Xin De Ren (Original Music Audio) Life Records Chinese. Sa légende est d'une telle ampleur qu'il en est venu à être vénéré à la fois par les forces de l'ordre et par les organisations de crime organisé. This signifies which side Guan Yu is worshipped, by the righteous people or vice versa. Zhuge Liang knew that Guan Yu was defending the border (so he should not displease Guan Yu). Although Sun Quan felt insulted by Guan Yu's response, he still wrote a letter to Guan Yu and pretended to apologise and offer to allow Guan Yu to pass through his territory freely. Réputé de son vivant guerrier invincible, il a été capturé et exécuté, avec son fils Guan Ping par les troupes de Sun Quan, par Lu Meng lors du siège de Fan. [8][9], Chen Shou, who wrote Guan Yu's biography in the Sanguozhi, commented on the latter as such: "Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were referred to as mighty warriors capable of fighting thousands of enemies. Her name was not recorded in history, but she was known as "Guan Yinping" (關銀屏) or "Guan Feng" (關鳳) in folktales and Chinese opera. By then, Sun Quan had secretly agreed to an alliance with Cao Cao and sent Lü Meng and others to invade Jing Province while he followed behind with reinforcements. He also appears in the History Channel's Anachronism card game. The "peerless beard" referred to Guan Yu because Guan Yu had a beautiful beard. To represent honour and courage to reinforce Cao Ren at Fancheng, it is said to be a blessing disguise. Them were as close as brothers and is often captured by Cao Cao la,. 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